Terraflux Terraflux
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Tutorials

Each tutorial starts with the idea behind a method and the papers that introduced it, then builds the graph that runs it, node by node, and shows how to read what it gives. If you are new to Terraflux, begin with Getting started: it assumes no experience with GIS software.

Getting started

Open and look at maps and vectors, reproject and resample them, save them, and build your first graph.

A tour of Terraflux The window and its panes, the Templates menu and its groups, opening and running a template, the operators' library and the / search, the viewer,... Beginner20 min Your first raster What a raster is (cells, resolution, extent, coordinates, bands, no data, data types), how to open one in Terraflux, and how to read what the viewer shows. Beginner30 min Vector data Points, lines and polygons with their attributes; how to read them, show them over a map, burn them into a grid, measure a map in each polygon,... Beginner30 min Coordinate systems and reprojection Degrees and metres, why areas and distances need a projected or equal-area system, EPSG codes, how to reproject a raster, and which resampling... Beginner35 min One grid for all your maps Resolution and alignment, putting rasters on one reference grid with raster.match, coarsening and refining them with raster.resample, cutting and... Beginner40 min Reclassify, calculate and save Change a map's classes with rules, compute new maps cell by cell with map algebra, fill gaps, derive slope and hillshade from an elevation model,... Beginner35 min Your first model Build a model by hand from nodes, ports and typed connections; set its settings, read its notes, run it to a node and let the cache spare you... Beginner40 min

Building models

Map algebra, stacks, loops, groups, submodels and plugins: the pieces every model is made of.

Map algebra from scratch Compute new maps cell by cell with raster.calc, and build a habitat suitability index, two kinds of buffer and a forest edge mask from a land use... Beginner45 min The raster calculator: scripts, a console and nodes of your own Write map algebra as a short script close to Python in the Calculator pane, with its layers completed, its outputs previewed as you type and a... Beginner40 min Stacks and layers Keep many maps of one grid together as a stack of named layers, build your own with stack.of, replace a layer with stack.set, take one out with... Beginner40 min Loops: write your own cellular automaton Run part of a model again and again with control.repeat, pass a map from step to step with carry, keep every step with collect, and write a... Intermediate45 min Groups and submodels Gather a few nodes into one with control.group, and use a whole model file as one node with control.submodel, to find the core forest of Sibuyan... Intermediate35 min Randomness and reproducibility Where chance enters a model (neutral landscapes, simulations, sampling, Monte Carlo), what a seed is, why the same seed gives the same bits, how... Intermediate35 min Checks, tests and reproducible runs Make a model check itself as it runs with check.assert, keep what it should give as tests that terraflux test runs, record each run in a manifest... Intermediate35 min Plugins in WebAssembly Write your own cell-by-cell operator in any language that compiles to WebAssembly, run it with plugin.wasm in a sandbox, and grow a forest stand... Advanced45 min Plots and figures See any result in the Viewer, keep maps on it as layers, compare two maps, save what the Viewer shows as a Plot of the model, find the Plots in... Beginner30 min The model's document: a model read as its methods Read a model as the methods section of a paper in the Document pane, a sentence for each step with its settings and where its inputs come from,... Beginner20 min

Habitat patterns

GuidosToolbox's morphological spatial pattern analysis: cores, edges, bridges and corridors.

Habitat patterns with GuidosToolboxA series in 4 parts
  1. The idea of MSPABeginner35 min
  2. MSPA on a real mapBeginner50 min
  3. SPA, objects, distancesIntermediate50 min
  4. Networks and changeAdvanced60 min

Fragmentation

How fragmented a habitat is at many scales: density, connectivity, contagion and entropy.

Measuring fragmentationA series in 3 parts
  1. Fragmentation and lossBeginner45 min
  2. Fixed observation scaleIntermediate55 min
  3. Change and reportsAdvanced50 min

Landscape metrics

FRAGSTATS' and landscapemetrics' metrics per patch, class and landscape, in windows and signatures.

Landscape metricsA series in 7 parts
  1. What metrics areBeginner40 min
  2. Patch and classBeginner50 min
  3. Landscape levelIntermediate40 min
  4. Moving windowsIntermediate40 min
  5. Sampling and changeIntermediate50 min
  6. Kinds of landscapesAdvanced50 min
  7. Large mapsAdvanced25 min

Habitat networks

Habitat as a graph: Conefor's connectivity indices, ProtConn and the importance of each patch.

Habitat networksA series in 6 parts
  1. Habitat as a graphBeginner40 min
  2. IIC, PC and ECAIntermediate50 min
  3. Importance of each patchIntermediate45 min
  4. Least-cost linksIntermediate45 min
  5. MSPA networkIntermediate40 min
  6. ProtConnIntermediate45 min

Circuit connectivity

Circuitscape and Omniscape: movement as electrical current through a landscape of resistance.

Circuit connectivityA series in 4 parts
  1. Circuit theoryBeginner35 min
  2. Resistance surfacesIntermediate40 min
  3. CircuitscapeIntermediate50 min
  4. OmniscapeAdvanced45 min

Surface metrics

Terrain and continuous surfaces: slope, curvature, roughness, texture, landforms and protected hilltops.

Continuous surfacesA series in 4 parts
  1. Terrain indicesBeginner45 min
  2. Surface textureIntermediate45 min
  3. GeomorphonsIntermediate40 min
  4. Hilltops (APP)Intermediate45 min

Terrain hydrology

How water moves over a terrain: depressions, flow directions and accumulation, streams, watersheds, HAND, wetness indices and SWAT+.

Terrain hydrologyA series in 3 parts
  1. Depressions and flowIntermediate45 min
  2. Streams and watershedsIntermediate50 min
  3. Wetness and connectivityIntermediate45 min
Watershed simulation with SWAT+ Run a SWAT+ project day by day in Terraflux, read its water balance, streamflow and soil loss, and learn which settings and checks decide whether... Advanced50 min

Grid distances

Least-cost paths, cost distances and random walks across a landscape, as R's gdistance.

Grid distancesA series in 2 parts
  1. Cost distance and pathsBeginner45 min
  2. Random walks and RSPAdvanced50 min

Distance and restoration

Distances, ecological intactness and where restoration does most for species.

Distance and restorationA series in 6 parts
  1. Distance to habitatBeginner40 min
  2. Costs and corridorsIntermediate50 min
  3. Ecological intactnessIntermediate40 min
  4. Vegetation and habitatIntermediate45 min
  5. Restoration planAdvanced60 min
  6. Several benefitsAdvanced55 min

Change detection

What changed between two maps, how fast and how intensely: transitions, intensity analysis and diffeR.

Change detectionA series in 4 parts
  1. Transitions, gains and lossesBeginner45 min
  2. Intensity analysisIntermediate50 min
  3. Comparing two mapsIntermediate60 min
  4. Forest gain and lossIntermediate45 min

Neutral landscape models

Landscapes drawn by chance, to test methods and to ask what pattern alone would give.

Neutral landscapesA series in 2 parts
  1. Neutral landscapesBeginner45 min
  2. In a studyIntermediate50 min

Biodiversity analysis

Biodiverse's analyses: richness, endemism, phylogenetic diversity and clusters of regions.

Biodiversity analysisA series in 3 parts
  1. Richness and endemismBeginner45 min
  2. PD, PE and CANAPEIntermediate50 min
  3. Regions (cluster analysis)Intermediate35 min

Spatial prioritization

Zonation, Marxan, integer linear programming and multi-action planning: where to protect, restore and act.

Systematic conservation planningA series in 7 parts
  1. 1. The ideasBeginner40 min
  2. 2. ZonationIntermediate60 min
  3. 3. MarxanIntermediate60 min
  4. 4. Linear programmingIntermediate60 min
  5. 5. Spatial designAdvanced60 min
  6. 6. Evaluating plansIntermediate50 min
  7. 7. Multi-action planningAdvanced50 min

Species distributions

From GBIF records to a distribution model, its evaluation and its projection to other climates.

Species distribution modelsA series in 7 parts
  1. The ideasBeginner40 min
  2. Occurrence dataBeginner45 min
  3. Predictors and backgroundIntermediate50 min
  4. Fitting modelsIntermediate60 min
  5. Evaluation and thresholdsIntermediate50 min
  6. Projection and extrapolationAdvanced50 min
  7. Preparation in one nodeIntermediate35 min

Animal movement

GPS tracks from Movebank read, cleaned and measured, resampled into steps and summarised, and turned into the data of step selection functions, as move2 and amt do.

Animal movementA series in 5 parts
  1. The ideasBeginner35 min
  2. Clean and measureBeginner45 min
  3. Projections and interpolationIntermediate40 min
  4. Steps and summariesIntermediate50 min
  5. Step selectionAdvanced60 min

Ecosystem services

InVEST's models: carbon storage, habitat quality, annual and seasonal water yield, sediment and nutrient retention, and crop pollination.

Ecosystem services with InVESTA series in 8 parts
  1. 1. The ideasBeginner35 min
  2. 2. CarbonBeginner40 min
  3. 3. Habitat qualityIntermediate50 min
  4. 4. Water yieldIntermediate50 min
  5. 5. SedimentAdvanced60 min
  6. 6. NutrientsAdvanced60 min
  7. 7. Seasonal waterAdvanced60 min
  8. 8. PollinationIntermediate50 min

Land change simulation

Dinamica EGO, CLUE-S, PLUS and agents: calibrate, simulate and validate the future of a landscape.

Land change simulation: the foundationsA series in 3 parts
  1. What land change models areBeginner30 min
  2. A cellular automaton by handBeginner30 min
  3. Markov chainsBeginner35 min
Dinamica EGO in TerrafluxA series in 6 parts
  1. Weights of evidenceIntermediate45 min
  2. Expander and PatcherIntermediate45 min
  3. Dinamica EGO on SibuyanIntermediate50 min
  4. Taking a stockIntermediate40 min
  5. Roads that growAdvanced50 min
  6. Gravity potentialsIntermediate30 min
Validating and calibratingA series in 3 parts
  1. Validating a simulationIntermediate50 min
  2. Calibration and many runsIntermediate45 min
  3. Maps larger than memoryAdvanced30 min
Demand-driven allocation: CLUE-S and lulccA series in 6 parts
  1. CLUE-S: the ideasIntermediate35 min
  2. Logistic suitabilityIntermediate40 min
  3. The demandIntermediate35 min
  4. CLUE-S: the whole modelIntermediate50 min
  5. CLUE-S: the rulesIntermediate50 min
  6. Ordered allocationIntermediate40 min
Other land change modelsA series in 6 parts
  1. CLUMondoAdvanced60 min
  2. PLUS (LEAS and CARS)Advanced60 min
  3. FUTURESAdvanced60 min
  4. MOLUSCEIntermediate45 min
  5. A demand per regionIntermediate40 min
  6. Choosing a modelBeginner25 min
Dynamic drivers and agentsA series in 4 parts
  1. Dynamic driversIntermediate40 min
  2. AgentsIntermediate40 min
  3. CRAFTYIntermediate45 min
  4. A coupled modelAdvanced50 min

Uncertainty

Monte Carlo and the propagation of uncertainty through a model.

Monte Carlo error propagation Carry the uncertainty of a model's parameters through to its maps by drawing them many times - the mean, standard deviation, quantiles and... Intermediate40 min

Large data and batches

Rasters larger than memory and the same analysis over hundreds of files.

Rasters larger than memory How Terraflux shows, measures and analyses rasters too large for your computer's memory - reading by strips of rows, strips with a halo,... Intermediate40 min Batch processing Run nodes on every raster of a folder - a folder given to any node that takes a map, the files written by their names, one table of all of them,... Beginner25 min